Autoimmune diseases — an overview

Autoimmune diseases occur when your immune system attacks your own body. Learn more about the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.

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Autoimmune conditions

Autoimmune diseases strike when the immune system attacks healthy cells in the body. Read about the causes, symptoms and treatment options.

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Myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular system that causes muscle weakness. Learn about symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

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Guillain-Barre syndrome

Guillain-Barre syndrome is an autoimmune disease causing weakness, numbness or paralysis. Learn about its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options.

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Connective tissue diseases

Connective tissue diseases can affect many different areas of the body and the immune system, caused by single gene mutations or inflammation. Learn more here.

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Raynaud's phenomenon

Read about Raynaud's phenomenon, where parts of your body (often the fingers) change colour and feel numb and cool when you get cold or stressed.

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Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a blood disorder that increases the risk of blood clots and pregnancy complications. Learn more here.

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Vasculitis

Vasculitis is a group of disorders and is caused by inflammation of blood vessels. Read more about vasculitis types, symptoms and treatment options.

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Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for arthritis

DMARDs are medicines used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Learn how these medicines work and about the side effects.

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Graves' disease

In this autoimmune condition, the thyroid gland in the neck produces too much thyroid hormone that can cause tremor, anxiety, a racing heart, goitre and bulging eyes.

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Addison's disease

In Addison's disease the adrenal glands don't make enough cortisol and aldosterone. Read about symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment.

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Immune system

Your body's immune system is designed to protect you from, or get rid of, infection. Learn more about how the immune system works.

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Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) is when thyroid gland doesn't make enough thyroid hormone. See symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options here.

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Peripheral neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy is a type of nerve damage causing pain, numbness or tingling in your arms and legs. Explore causes, symptoms and treatments.

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Prednisolone

Prednisolone belongs to a group of medicines called corticosteroids, and helps to reduce inflammation in your body. Learn more about how to take it.

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Coeliac disease

People with coeliac disease can't eat foods containing gluten. Find out how coeliac disease can affect your life and why it's important to get diagnosed.

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Liver failure

Liver failure may be caused by some medical conditions, infections, poisons and excessive alcohol use. Learn how to reduce your risk.

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Hashimoto's disease

Hashimoto's disease can cause your body to produce too little thyroid hormone. Find out more about its causes, symptoms and treatment.

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Pericarditis

Pericarditis is the inflammation of the thin membrane around your heart. Read more about pericarditis symptoms, treatments and causes.

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Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) blood test

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a blood test that can check for inflammation in your body. Find out more about ESR blood tests here.

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Epididymitis

Epididymitis is inflammation of the tube at the back of each testicle. Find out more about the symptoms and treatment of epididymitis here.

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Thyroid problems

If your thyroid becomes overactive (hyperthyroidism) or underactive (hypothyroidism), you may experience a range of health problems — learn more here.

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Uveitis

If left untreated, uveitis - or inflammation of the middle layer of your eye, can lead to blindness. Here's how to spot the symptoms of uveitis.

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Pulmonary hypertension

Find out all about pulmonary hypertension, a condition caused by changes to the arteries in your lungs that can damage your heart.

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Optic neuritis

Eye pain and sudden loss of vision? It could be optic neuritis, inflammation of your optic nerve — learn about its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

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Klinefelter (XXY) syndrome

Klinefelter (XXY) syndrome symptoms includes small genitals and infertility. Around 1 in 500 males have Klinefelter syndrome, but most are unaware.

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Vitiligo

Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition that causes pale or white patches on the skin. Learn more about its causes, symptoms and treatment.

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Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome is a rare, life-threatening illness where your kidneys stop working properly, most common in children under 5 years.

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Blisters

A blister is a painful sore where fluid forms between top layers of skin. Learn more on how to treat blisters and when to see a doctor.

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Goitre

Goitre is a swelling at the base of your neck. It's caused by an enlarged thyroid gland. Find out more about causes, symptoms and treatments here.

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