Stroke rehabilitation

Stroke rehabilitation includes activities and therapy to help your brain adapt to the injury caused by having a stroke. It helps your brain relearn or find new ways to carry out skills affected by your stroke.

Rehabilitation helps your brain create new brain pathways. In this way, you learn to use different parts of your brain to do the things you did before your stroke.

The ways a stroke affects your body depends on many factors, including the type of stroke you had and which part of your brain was affected. Strokes can cause many different problems.

What problems might I experience after a stroke?

Every stroke is different, depending on where in the brain it happens and how severe it is.

Problems related to movement and muscle control could include:

• weakness on one side of your body, including in your arms and legs
• difficulty controlling movement or coordinating movement
• trouble swallowing
• difficulty speaking, reading or writing
• stiff muscle

Problems related to your 5 senses:

• difficulty receiving messages from your senses – smell, touch, taste, sight and hearing
• changes in how you perceive stimuli (sounds, smells, sights etc)

Other issues may include:

• fatigue
• problems controlling emotions
• trouble thinking or remembering (cognitive problems)
• changes to your personality or behaviour
• depression and anxiety
• incontinence
• worry about having sex or difficulty having sex

A rehabilitation team will assess how you can benefit from rehabilitation after a stroke. The amount and type of rehabilitation they recommend for you will depend on your needs and how much you can manage. You, your family and your carers should be involved in making these decisions.

Rehabilitation can start in hospital very soon after a stroke. It may continue at a rehabilitation facility or sometimes in an outpatient unit.

Physiotherapy

After your stroke, a physiotherapist will assess how well you move, sit, stand and walk. Your physiotherapist will work with you to set step by step goals and make a plan to work towards them.

Physiotherapy can last months and continuing to do your exercises is important for your long-term progress.

Speech therapy

After a stroke, you may have problems with communication, including difficulty speaking, understanding, reading and writing. A speech pathologist will work on these challenges with you.

You may benefit from:

• practising talking, listening and writing
• learning other ways to communicate, such as hand signals or a board, book or computer
• exercising the muscles needed for speech to improve their strength and coordination

Recovery

Recovery after a stroke depends upon many factors including how severe your stroke was, which part of the brain was affected and how your rehabilitation is progressing. The most rapid recovery occurs in the first 6 months after a stroke. Further recovery is possible, but may take years.

Carers may benefit from training that allows them to better care for the person who has had a stroke.

Training can assist careers to:

• assist the person with a stroke to perform their daily activities
• guide the person with a stroke through their rehabilitation exercises
• manage the emotional challenges the person with a stroke may experience
• develop coping skills

If your carers provide you with physical, emotional and/or practical help, ask your rehabilitation team if training is available to help support them.

Call StrokeLine (Opens in new tab) to talk to a health professional and get free confidential advice: 1800 787 653 (Monday to Friday 9am to 5pm AEST.)

If your main language is not English, you can also call Strokeline with the help of an interpreter:

1. Call the Telephone Interpreting Service 13 14 50
2. Ask for the language you need
3. Ask the interpreter to call Strokeline with you.

Visit the Stroke Foundation's rehabilitation website, enableme (Opens in new tab) to find topics to help your recovery.

Read more about stroke rehabilitation and download fact sheets on the Stroke Foundation (Opens in new tab) website:

• Some of the stroke fact sheets (Opens in new tab) are available in several community languages.
• Our Stroke Journey (Opens in new tab) is a booklet available for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people.