Brain diseases, disorders and injuries

Brain conditions consist of diseases, injuries, syndromes and infections. They have a huge variety of symptoms, treatments and prognoses, and you can learn more about them here.

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Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is caused by a build-up of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. This fluid is essential, but too much can damage your brain.

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Central nervous system (CNS)

Your central nervous system (CNS) is made up of your brain and your spinal cord. Learn more about its role and the different parts of the brain.

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Encephalopathy

An encephalopathy refers to any disturbance of the brain's functioning. Learn about symptoms, treatments and signs of a medical emergency.

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Dopamine

Dopamine is a chemical messenger in the brain with many roles. Imbalances are related to mental illness, addiction and Parkinson’s disease.

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Anatomy

The human body has many different systems and organs that all serve different function. Learn more about the brain, heart, digestive system and other parts of the body.

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BrainTrack App

BrainTrack app is an award-winning, free app developed by Dementia Australia that helps people to explore their brain health, and privately monitor and understand changes in cognition over time.

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Brain aneurysm

Read about brain aneurysms — a bulge in an artery wall in your brain. If it bursts it can cause bleeding on the brain which needs immediate attention.

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Brain tumours

A brain tumour is a growth of abnormal cells in the brain. Some are malignant (cancerous, and can spread) and others are benign (non-cancerous).

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Acquired brain injury (ABI)

ABI is the result of damage to your brain, which may occur due to injury at any time during your life. Learn more here.

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Brain fog

Brain fog is a way to describe problems with thinking and memory such as forgetfulness and trouble concentrating. Read about symptoms and treatments.

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The role of a neurosurgeon

Neurosurgeons (brain surgeons) specialise in the surgical treatment and management of conditions that affect the brain, spine and nervous system.

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Gliomas in children

Glioma is a type of cancer that grows in the brain or spinal cord. Learn more about the types, symptoms and treatment, and where to get support.

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Electroencephalogram (EEG)

An electroencephalogram, or EEG, measures brain activity to diagnose or monitor conditions such as epilepsy. Learn more about this diagnostic test.

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Encephalitis

Encephalitis is a serious brain condition usually caused by a virus. If you or your child may be affected, seek medical attention immediately.

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Stroke rehabilitation

Stroke rehabilitation helps the brain to relearn skills that have been affected. Learn about the most common problems and types of rehabilitation.

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Concussion

Concussion is the short-term loss of brain function following a head injury. Learn more about the causes, signs and symptoms of concussion.

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Stroke

A stroke is when the blood supply to part of your brain is interrupted. Learn the 'FAST' test for stroke symptoms, which can save a person's life.

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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare brain disorder that causes dementia. Find out more about CJD, mad cow disease and variant CJD here.

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Wernicke encephalopathy

Wernicke encephalopathy is a type of brain injury that needs quick treatment to avoid permanent brain damage. Find out about its causes and symptoms.

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Serotonin

Serotonin is a chemical messenger that affects wellbeing and happiness. Many antidepressants increase serotonin levels in the brain.

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Vascular dementia

Vascular dementia is caused by problems with the blood supply to the brain. Find out about the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of vascular dementia.

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Aphasia

Aphasia is a brain condition that involves difficulty with language and speech. A speech pathologist can help people with aphasia. Learn more.

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Agnosia

Agnosia is a condition caused by damage to parts of the brain. Symptoms include difficulty recognising objects, people, smells, flavours, tastes or sounds.

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Lewy body dementias

Lewy body dementias are caused by abnormal protein clumps in the brain that affect memory, thinking, movement and behaviour. Read about the symptoms.

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Lumbar puncture

Lumbar puncture involves putting a needle into the lower back to diagnose and sometimes treat problems of the brain and spinal cord.

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Parkinson's disease

Parkinson’s disease occurs when there isn’t enough dopamine produced in the brain, which impacts movement, mood and other symptoms.

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Seizures

Seizures are due to abnormal electrical signals firing in the brain. There are many types, causes, triggers and treatments. Learn what to do here.

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Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is a rare, but serious disease. It leads to inflammation of the brain. Infection can happen from water-based activities.

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The role of a neurologist

A neurologist is a specialist physician who treats diseases of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscle.

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